Effects Of Three-dimensional Structure Research Articles

Constructing three kinds of porous organic polymers and functionalizing by deep eutectic solvents: the effect of three-dimensional structure and π electronic structure of monomers

Constructing three kinds of porous organic polymers and functionalizing by deep eutectic solvents: the effect of three-dimensional structure and π electronic structure of monomers

Structural dependency of optical excitation transfer via optical near-field interactions between semiconductor quantum dots

The distribution dependency of quantum dots was theoretically and experimentally investigated with respect to the basic properties optical excitation transfer via optical near-field interactions between quantum dots. The effects of three-dimensional structure and arraying precision of quantum dots on the signal transfer performance were analyzed. In addition, the quantum dot distribution dependency of the signal transfer performance was experimentally evaluated by using stacked CdSe quantum dots and an optical near-field fiber probe tip laminated with quantum dots serving as an output terminal, showing good agreement with theory. These results demonstrate the basic properties of signal transfer via optical near-field interactions and serve as guidelines for a nanostructure design optimized to attain the desired signal transfer performances.

The effects of three-dimensional structure on two-dimensional images of crustal seismic sections and on the interpretation of shear zone morphology

SUMMARY Crustal scale seismic images provide information on the geometry of subsurface structure. In this paper we examine shear zones as they provide geometrical constraints on the evolution of the crust and as they provide pathways for the migration of mineral-rich fluids from the lower crust. However, they typically appear in seismic images of the deep crust as laterally continuous bands of discontinuous reflections with individual reflections often having high amplitudes. Geological mapping of exposed shear zones show them to have a complex 3-D structure yet crustal-scale seismic reflection surveys use single or at the most only a few profiles, and therefore only create 2-D images of these structures. The processing and imaging of the multifold common midpoint (CMP) data assumes that the seismic energy comes entirely from within the plane of the section. In this paper, we use full-waveform 3-D synthetic data to consider the effects that 3-D topography on a reflector has on reflection character on a 2-D profile. We base our synthetics on an observed shear zone and test models with both a single layer and anastomizing layers. We show that topography on the reflector out of the plane of the section may cause spurious events both above and below the expected target depth. We derive the basic understanding using a simple isotropic homogeneous model, however, we then demonstrate that this is a robust phenomenon and is endemic on all 2-D sections even if the overburden is not homogeneous. We demonstrate that we obtain similar results with a velocity gradient or, for a more extreme case, with a 2-km-deep basin filled with low-velocity sediment. For crustal scale seismic profiles, in particular, the effect is pervasive as neither stacking nor migration can discriminate against out-of-plane energy and the 2-D stack represents the 3-D seismic response of a broad swath centred on the profile. However, we conclude that using the modelled data it is possible to identify qualitatively where there is significant contamination from out-of-plane topography and show examples from a shear zone in the Archaean Yilgarn Block in Western Australia.

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The effect of three-dimensional structure on the interface strength at the edge point between submicron films was examined. The test was carried out for the test piece in which the effect of the three-dimensional shape appeared strongly for opening mode testing method. The interface cracking initiates at the point of the edge between Si_3N_4 and Cu films. By using sub-modeling method of FEM, the singularity field in the vicinity of the corner point is revealed. On the basis of fracture mechanics concept, the interface fracture toughness is determined. By the effect of the three-dimensional shape, the possibility in which the fracture mode changed was shown.

Effect of Three-Dimensional Structure on the Stormwide Horizontal Accelerations and Momentum Budget of a Simulated Squall Line

Abstract Past studies of the effects of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) on the environmental flow have been limited by data coverage and resolution. In the current study the MCS-scale (stormwide) horizontal accelerations and momentum budget associated with an oceanic MCS are analyzed using output from a high-resolution three-dimensional numerical model integrated over a large domain. The simulation is based on an observed MCS that occurred on 22 February 1993 during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment. An important aspect of both the observed and simulated MCS is its evolution from a quasi-two-dimensional to an asymmetric three-dimensional morphology, which was demonstrated in companion studies to result from the finite length of the MCS interacting with environmental vertical shear that varies in direction with height. Herein, the authors focus on the effects of the three-dimensional structure on MCS-scale horizontal accelerations. The horizontal accelera...